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What should happen when doctors and parents disagree about what would be best for a child? When should courts become involved? Should life support be stopped against parents' wishes? The case of Charlie Gard, reached global attention in 2017. It led to widespread debate about the ethics of disagreements between doctors and parents, about the place of the law in such disputes, and about the variation in approach between different parts of the world. In this book, medical ethicists Dominic Wilkinson and Julian Savulescu critically examine the ethical questions at the heart of disputes about medical treatment for children. They use the Gard case as a springboard to a wider discussion about the rights of parents, the harms of treatment, and the vital issue of limited resources. They discuss other prominent UK and international cases of disagreement and conflict. From opposite sides of the debate Wilkinson and Savulescu provocatively outline the strongest arguments in favour of and against treatment. They analyse some of the distinctive and challenging features of treatment disputes in the 21st century and argue that disagreement about controversial ethical questions is both inevitable and desirable. They outline a series of lessons from the Gard case and propose a radical new "dissensus" framework for future cases of disagreement.

Pediatrics --- Pediatrics --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Moral and ethical aspects

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Animal welfare --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Moral and ethical aspects.

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"In many countries, colleges and universities are where the majority of innovative research is done; in all cases, they are where future scientists receive both their initial training and their initial introduction to the norms of scientific conduct regardless of their eventual career paths. Thus, institutions of higher education are particularly relevant to the tasks of education on research with dual use potential, whether for faculty, postdoctoral researchers, graduate and undergraduate students, or technical staff. Research in the Life Sciences with Dual Use Potential describes the outcomes of the planning meeting for a two-year project to develop a network of faculty who will be able to teach the challenges of research in the life sciences with dual use potential. Faculty will be able to incorporate such concepts into their teaching and research through exposure to the tenets of responsible conduct of research in active learning teaching methods. This report is intended to provide guidelines for that effort and to be applicable to any country wishing to adopt this educational model that combines principles of active learning and training with attention to norms of responsible science. The potential audiences include a broad array of current and future scientists and the policymakers who develop laws and regulations around issues of dual use"--Publisher's description.

Research --- Moral and ethical aspects.

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Liberalism --- Moral and ethical aspects.

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Depuis le baron Pierre de Coubertin au moins, le sport véhicule des valeurs entendues comme universelles : le fair-play, la conscience de la règle, le respect de l’adversaire, la dignité des personnes, le self-control, le sens de l’effort individuel et collectif, la plaisir du jeu … Des valeurs comme autant de règles de civilité, et que garantiraient les associations faîtières internationales, qui ont autour d’elles rédigé des codes et des éthiques. Pourtant, force est de constater des débordements de ces règles et le non respect des valeurs dans bien des domaines du sport : tricheries, dopage cycliste ou athlétique, insultes racistes à l’endroit des sportifs voire entre sportifs eux-mêmes, contestation de l’arbitrage, violences des hooligans, exploitation des enfants par de grandes marques dans la fabrication du marketing du sport, vente de joueurs mineurs, discriminations homes-femmes, lotos sportifs et matchs arrangés, harcèlement sexuel entre entraîneurs et entraînés, etc. – la liste est malheureusement longue, qui nous place devant un certain échec de l’éducation. Autant de débordement et de pratiques illicites qui provoquent des réactions morales dans la population, mais face auxquels on cherche en général des solutions juridiques et techniques, avec pour conséquence que ces valeurs sportives en viennent de plus en plus à passer pour des idéaux auxquels tendre (et qui se font alors de plus en plus lointains ou inatteignables) plutôt que pour des règles directrices et des normes comportementales de principe. Pour autant, l’exemplarité du sport n’a pas disparu de l’horizon éducatif ; en outre, bien des sportifs en sont venus à promouvoir d’autres valeurs que la compétition : le bien-être, les sensations pour elles-mêmes, une meilleure conscience corporelle de soi, une confrontation renouvelée aux éléments naturels… faisant émerger une autre forme d’éthique sportive. C’est donc un champ très large qui s’offre à la réflexion, et que parcourt cet ouvrage.

Sports --- Moral and ethical aspects.